1. Lack of Infrastructure
Many government schools and rural homes lack separate toilets for girls. Basic facilities such as water supply, locks, and dustbins are often missing, making sanitation unsafe and unhygienic.

2. Social Stigma and Taboos
Menstruation remains a taboo in many areas. Girls often face bullying, exclusion, and shame during their periods due to poor sanitation facilities.

3. Health Risks
Unsafe conditions lead to urinary tract infections, reproductive issues, and poor menstrual hygiene practices.

4. High Dropout Rates
The absence of toilets compels many girls to skip school or drop out altogether once they reach puberty.

5. Funding Gaps
Toilet construction and maintenance are frequently overlooked in both school and community budgets, limiting long-term impact.